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1. Molecular modeling of the intrastrand guanine-guanine DNA adducts produced by cisplatin and oxaliplatin
- adrik.bchs.uh.edu
- 2720 Molecular modeling of the intrastrand guanine-guanine DNA adducts produced by cisplatin and oxaliplatin. ...
- Intrastrand DNA adducts formed by cisplatin and oxaliplatin were modeled with molecular mechanics minimization and restrained molecular dynamics simulations in a comparative study. ... The differences in the structure of the adducts produced by cisplatin and oxaliplatin are consistent with the observation that they are differentially recognized by the DNA mismatch repair system.
2. Toxicology :: Stability of Hemoglobin and Albumin Adducts of Naphthalene Oxide, 1,2-Naphthoqui :: Pharmaceutical Information and Articles
- www.pharmainfo.net
- Stability of Hemoglobin and Albumin Adducts of Naphthalene Oxide, 1,2-Naphthoqui.
- The stability of cysteinyl adducts of NPO, 1,2-NPQ, and 1,4-NPQ were investigated in both hemoglobin (Hb) and albumin (Alb) of male F344 rats following a single administration of 2 different doses (400 or 800 mg naphthalene per kg body weight). To assess the stability of Alb adducts, we compared the rates of NPO-Alb turnover (half-life of approximately 2 days) and 1,2-NPQ-Alb (half-life of approximately 1 day) to the normal turnover rate of Alb in the rat (half-life = 2. ... Based on the rapid turnover of these adducts relative to Alb itself, we concluded that they were unstable. However, the stability of Alb adducts was not affected by the dose of naphthalene administered (400 or 800 mg/kg). In contrast, NPO-Hb adducts were relatively stable (rate constant of adduct instability 0. ... The rate constants of adduct instability obtained in this study allow application of NPO and NPQ adducts to estimate the exposure to reactive electrophilic metabolites of naphthalene in the rat. ...
- Stability of Hemoglobin and Albumin Adducts of Naphthalene Oxide, 1,2-Naphthoqui | Login/Create an account | 0 Comments.
3. NOAA/NMFS/NWFSC/TM14: P-Postlabeling Protocols for Assaying Levels of Hydrophobic DNA Adducts in Fish
- www.nwfsc.noaa.gov
- Dept Commerce/NOAA/NMFS/NWFSC/Tech Memos NOAA-NWFSC Tech Memo-14: 32P-Postlabeling Protocols for Assaying Levels of Hydrophobic DNA Adducts in Fish NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NWFSC-14.
- 32P-Postlabeling Protocols for Assaying Levels of Hydrophobic DNA Adducts in Fish.
- A very promising approach is the use of the 32P-postlabeling assay for determining levels of hydrophobic aromatic compounds bound to DNA (DNA adducts) in marine organisms. ... These studies have shown that 1) the levels of hepatic DNA adducts in wild fish positively correlate with the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in marine sediments, and 2) that a strong positive correlation is observed between sediment concentrations of PAHs and the prevalence of neoplastic lesions in liver of marine flatfish. In addition, laboratory studies with model PAHs and sediment extracts have shown that PAH-DNA adducts formed are persistent and have chromatographic characteristics similar to adducts detected in wild fish. These findings suggest that the levels of hepatic DNA adducts found in fish tissues may function as molecular dosimeters of exposure to potentially genotoxic environmental contaminants, such as carcinogenic PAHs. ...
- 5% PEI Solution Preparation of Vinyl Backing for Chromatography Sheets Preparation and Pouring of PEI-Cellulose Slurry Cutting, Washing and Storage of PEI-Cellulose Sheets SYNTHESIS OF gamma-32P ATP Preparation and Storage of gamma-32P ATP Synthesis Premix gamma-32P ATP Synthesis Procedure Determination of gamma-32P ATP Specific Activity Reagents Assay Protocol Sample Calculation for Determining Specific Activity DNA ISOLATION Manual Procedure Automated DNA Extraction Procedure Reagents for DNA Isolation ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF DNA Procedure for Digestion of DNA Samples DNA-ADDUCT ENHANCEMENT PROCEDURES Butanol Adduct Enhancement Procedure Nuclease P1 Enhancement Procedure 32P-POSTLABELING OF DNA ADDUCTS AND BASES Procedure for 32P-Postlabeling of DNA Adducts Procedure for 32P-Labeling of Bases CHROMATOGRAPHY Preparation of Chromatography Solvents Chromatography of Xenobiotic DNA Adducts Alternative D4 Solvent Systems IMAGING AND QUANTITATION OF RADIOACTIVITY ON CHROMATOGRAMS Autoradiography Procedure Photography of Autoradiograms Quantitation of Radioactivity by the "Cut and Count" Method Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry Cerenkov Counting Storage Phosphor Imaging Scanning the Chromatograms Data Storage and Computer Requirements Processing of Image Analysis Data Calculations Sample calculations QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL ACKNOWLEDGMENTS CITATIONS GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS FIGURES TABLE .
- The 32P-postlabeling (PPL) method for detection of DNA adducts was developed in Dr. ... For hydrophobic, aromatic DNA adducts, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon PAH-DNA adducts, this method can detect 1 adduct in 109-1010 bases by selective removal of unmodified nucleotides by enzymatic methods (Reddy and Randerath 1986) or by partitioning the DNA adducts into n-butanol (Gupta 1985). The DNA adducts are then phosphorylated via enzyme catalyzed transfer of 32P-phosphate from gamma-32P ATP to the deoxyribose of the adduct. ...
- In addition, we have conducted laboratory studies to determine the kinetics of formation and removal of DNA adducts in fish (Stein et al. 1993) and to determine the identity of the adducts observed (Varanasi et al. ...
- The detection of DNA adducts by 32P-postlabeling is a multistep sequence (Fig. ... Separation of the 32P-labeled adducts is usually accomplished by two-dimensional, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) on polyethyleneimine (PEI)-modified cellulose sheets. ... 1992) is then used to locate the radiolabeled adducts on the chromatogram. ...
- The accurate quantitation of individual adducts is dependent on the specificity and efficiency of the enzymes used, which can vary substantially for each type of adduct. Optimization of each enzymatic step for specific adducts is required to increase the accuracy of measuring individual adduct levels (Watson 1987, Gorelick and Wogan 1989). ... However, because mixtures of chemical contaminants are poorly characterized, the ability of the 32P-postlabeling assay to detect adducts of unknown structure is a key attribute. ...
4. Project Profile: Identification and Quantitation of DNA Adducts Derived From Disinfection By-products Project #491
- www.awwarf.com
- Identification and Quantitation of DNA Adducts Derived From Disinfection By-products Project #491 .
- The major objectives of this research were to (1) characterize and quantitate DNA adducts derived from disinfection by-products (DBPs), including bromodichloromethane (BDCM) and chlorinated hydroxyfuranones; (2) study the effects of exposure to DBPs on endogenous DNA adducts; and (3) examine the formation and type of abasic sites in DNA that result from exposure to DBPs. ...
- Formation of direct DNA adducts was examined for BDCM, MCA, and MX. ... The yield of DNA adducts was low with BDCM and MX. No adducts were detected in rats chronically exposed to MX. Endogenous DNA adducts were not increased after chronic exposure. ...
- In Phase 1, they focused on identification of specific DNA adducts derived from DBPs, specifically, BDCM and chlorinated hydroxyfuranones. In Phase 2, they investigated the effects of DBPs on indirect formation of DNA adducts. The researchers expected that high-dose bolus exposure would increase endogenous DNA adducts secondary to the saturation of cellular defenses. They also examined the effects of different exposure routes on endogenous DNA adducts. ...
- Direct DBP-induced DNA adducts.
- The yield of DNA adducts formed in vitro with glutathione and BDCM was low. Likewise, MX did not readily form ethenoformyl guanine adducts in vitro and no adducts were detected in rats chronically exposed to MX.
- Effect of DBPs on Endogenous DNA adducts.
- The researchers hypothesized that increased numbers of endogenous DNA adducts would be present in DBP-treated animals due to depletion of normal cellular defenses. Endogenous DNA adducts were examined in tissues from rodents exposed to MX, MCA, BDCM, and DCA and controls. No increases in endogenous adducts were found. ...
5. Sequence Specificity of Adriamycin-DNA Adducts in Human Tumor Cells -- Cutts et al. 2 (7): 661 -- Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
- mct.aacrjournals.org
- Sequence Specificity of Adriamycin-DNA Adducts in Human Tumor Cells1 .
- After intercalation, Adriamycin can form covalent adducts with DNA, and the magnitude of these adducts appears to be limited by the cellular availability of formaldehyde. Adducts produced by Adriamycin in the presence of formaldehyde have been well characterized in cell-free systems but not in cells. In this study, we show that when Adriamycin is used in conjunction with the formaldehyde-releasing prodrug AN-9 in IMR-32 tumor cells, this allows the formation of sufficiently high levels of adducts in genomic DNA to enable detection of their DNA sequence specificity for the first time. ... The Adriamycin adducts were formed predominantly at 5'-GC and GG sequences and unstable with respect to elevated temperatures and extended times at 37°C. The use of three anthracycline derivatives lacking a 3'amino group demonstrated that this amino portion is critical for the formation of anthracycline adducts in cells. The structure of these drug-DNA adducts can therefore be considered to be identical to the Adriamycin adducts, which have been characterized rigorously in cell-free systems by X-ray crystallography, two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry. ...
6. In Vitro Characterization of DNA Adducts Formed by Foundry Air Particulate Matter
- ehp.niehs.nih.gov
- In Vitro Characterization of DNA Adducts Formed by Foundry Air Particulate Matter .
- Foundry workers with the highest exposures had elevated levels of DNA adducts in their white blood cells in previous studies. ... A complex pattern of adducts was observed on thin-layer chromatography (TLC) by the 32P-postlabeling assay. Two selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)--1-NP- and anti(+/-)benzo a pyrene-trans-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide anti(+/-)BPDE -DNA adducts--were used as marker compounds in characterizing the postlabeled DNA adducts by TLC combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After an initial separation of DNA adducts by TLC, individual spots were isolated and separated further on HPLC. ...
- Key words: DNA adducts, PAH, in vitro CT DNA, foundry filter extract, 32P-postlabeling, HPLC .
7. Additional information for the formation of the tin tetrachloride adducts
- www.chem.ucla.edu
- IR spectra (run as Nujol mull between CsI plates, the adducts hydrolyze pretty fast and attack (oxidize) the plates, so be fast when you do that).
8. DNA adducts, detected by 32P postlabelling, in human cholangiocarcinoma -- Khan et al. 52 (4): 586 -- Gut
- gut.bmjjournals.com
- DNA adducts, detected by 32P postlabelling, in human cholangiocarcinoma .
- Aims: To investigate and compare tumour and tumour adjacent CCa tissue, and non-cancer control bile duct tissue, for DNA adducts as a biomarker of genotoxin exposure. ...
- Methods: DNA from 32 intrahepatic CCa patients (and in 28 cases DNA from adjacent non-tumour tissue) and from biliary ducts of seven non-cancer patients were investigated for the presence of DNA adducts using the nuclease P1 method of 32P postlabelling. DNA adduct levels (number of adducts/108 nucleotides) were quantified. ...
- Conclusion: Quantitative and qualitative differences in adducts between cancer and non-cancer patients support the hypothesis that genotoxins may play a role in the development of intrahepatic CCa. ...
- Keywords: cholangiocarcinoma; DNA adducts; 32P postlabelling.
- DNA adducts in tumour, normal peripheral lung and bronchus, and peripheral blood lymphocytes from smoking and non-smoking lung cancer patients: correlations between tissues and detection by 32P-postlabelling and immunoassay.
9. Reactivity: Synthesis of the Lewis Adducts of Cu2+ with Amino Acids
- www.wpi.edu
- Reactivity: Synthesis of the Lewis Adducts of Cu2+ with Amino Acids.
- Reactivity: Synthesis of the Lewis Adducts of Cu2+ with Amino Acids.
10. Volatile Barium Beta-Diketonate Polyether Adducts. Synthesis, Characterization and Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition - Storming Media
- www.stormingmedia.us
- Volatile Barium Beta-Diketonate Polyether Adducts. ...
- Abstract: The 2,5,8,11,14-pentaoxaheptadecane (tetraglyme) adducts of barium complexes of 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedione (H(hfacac(), 1,1,1,- trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione (Htfacac) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione (H(thd)) have been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography, H and C nmr spectroscopies, melting and sublimation points, and elemental analysis. ...
11. Immunochemical quantitation of DNA adducts derived from the human bladder carcinogen 4-aminobiphenyl -- Roberts et al. 48 (22): 6336 -- Cancer Research
- intl-cancerres.aacrjournals.org
- Immunochemical quantitation of DNA adducts derived from the human bladder carcinogen 4-aminobiphenyl.
- The limit of sensitivity for this assay using 25 micrograms DNA was 2 adducts/10(8) nucleotides. Gua-C8-ABP adducts in liver and bladder epithelial DNAs were readily quantified after p. ... This methodology is capable of detecting adducts at levels of biological significance and should be applicable to human target-tissue dosimetry. ...
- Quantitative analysis of 4-aminobiphenyl-C8-deoxyguanosyl DNA adducts produced in vitro and in vivo using HPLC–ES-MS.
12. Katja Viitala. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) and serum antibodies against acetaldehyde adducts as markers of alcohol abuse. ISBN 951-42-5107-5
- herkules.oulu.fi
- Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) and serum antibodies against acetaldehyde adducts as markers of alcohol abuse.
- Acetaldehyde-protein adducts are formed in the body after excessive ethanol intake, and their formation triggers antibody production, which may contribute to some forms of tissue damage seen in alcohol abusers. To obtain more information on the association between serum antibodies against acetaldehyde adducts, ALD and alcohol consumption, assays for antibodies against albumin and haemoglobin adducts were performed.
- Antibodies of the immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes A, G, and M against acetaldehyde-adducts are formed in patients with prolonged heavy alcohol consumption. ...
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