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13. AMCAP--Providing information and support for the LDS Mental Health Professional.
- www.amcap.net
- AMCAP is an international professional organization of counselors, psychotherapists and others in helping professions whose common bond is adherence to the principles and standards of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. ...
14. Comply With Us: Improving Medication Adherence -- Tabor and Lopez 17 (3): 167 -- Journal of Pharmacy Practice
- jpp.sagepub.com
- Comply With Us: Improving Medication Adherence .
- There are many terms used to describe medication-taking behavior including compliance, adherence, intelligent compliance, and drug forgiveness. More recently, clinicians have focused on the need for a collaborative partnership with patients to attain medication adherence. ... Adherence to medications is a complex health behavior. ...
- Key Words: Patient compliance adherence drug therapy noncompliance nonadherence.
15. Antibody-enhanced pneumococcal adherence requires IgA1 protease -- Weiser et al. 100 (7): 4215 -- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- www.pnas.org
- Antibody-enhanced pneumococcal adherence requires IgA1 protease .
- Because these proteases are specific for human IgA1, we generated human mAbs to the major surface antigen of the pneumococcus, its capsular polysaccharide, and tested their effect in a colonization model of bacterial adherence to respiratory epithelial cells in culture. Rather than inhibiting adherence, type-specific IgA1 markedly enhanced bacterial attachment to host cells, but only when cleaved by IgA1 protease. ... The adherence-promoting properties of cleaved antibodies correlated with the cationic characteristics of their variable segments, suggesting that bound Fab fragments may neutralize the inhibitory effect of negatively charged capsules on adhesive interaction with host cells. Coating of pneumococci with anticapsular polysaccharide antibody unmasked the bacterial phosphorylcholine ligand, allowing for increased adherence mediated by binding to the platelet activating factor receptor on epithelial cells. ...
16. Adherence influences monocyte responsiveness to interleukin-10 -- Petit-Bertron et al. 73 (1): 145 -- Journal of Leukocyte Biology
- www.jleukbio.org
- © 2003 by Society for Leukocyte Biology Adherence influences monocyte responsiveness to interleukin-10 .
- We studied the effects of adherence on the properties of interleukin (IL)-10 on monocyte-enriched peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We found that the decrease of CD11b expression induced by IL-10 was enhanced by adherence. ... The absence of adherence prevented the inhibitory effects of IL-10 on lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor production and increased IL-1ß production and soluble TNF receptor II release in IL-10-pretreated cells. Similarly, the absence of adherence amplified the enhancement of phagocytosis induced by IL-10. ... Altogether, these data illustrate that adherence modulates the properties and the anti-inflammatory effects of IL-10. ...
17. adherence
- www.factmonster.com
- adherence .
- the quality of adhering; steady devotion, support, allegiance, or attachment: adherence to a party; rigid adherence to rules. ...
18. NIH Guide: RESEARCH ON ADHERENCE TO INTERVENTIONS FOR MENTAL DISORDERS
- grants.nih.gov
- RESEARCH ON ADHERENCE TO INTERVENTIONS FOR MENTAL DISORDERS Release Date: December 1, 1999 (see replacement PA-03-111) PA NUMBER: PA-00-016 National Institute of Mental Health THIS PA USES "MODULAR GRANT" AND "JUST-IN-TIME" CONCEPTS. ... Even if a protocol is completed, less than full adherence to one or more of its components can also limit the benefits. ... Available interventions for these disorders could have greater impact and relieve more suffering if adherence to them were improved. This program announcement is intended to expand research on adherence and behavior change that integrates findings from the basic behavioral sciences with interventions for mental disorders, symptoms, or related disability. Included are studies of mechanisms and processes that enhance or interfere with adherence to preventive, treatment, and rehabilitative interventions. ... Emphasis is on the development of innovative approaches to adherence and behavior change, especially models of interventions to improve adherence. ... Although the definition of "adherence" and "behavior change" will vary depending upon the nature and scope of the particular problems under study, clear definitions and psychometrically sound measures for these terms will be essential. Definitions of "adherence" or "behavior change" might address, for example, the completeness and frequency with which a client engages in behavioral or psychosocial components of an intervention protocol, or the extent to which a client takes medications at the dosage and frequency prescribed. ... Increased understanding of the mechanisms and processes underlying individuals' decisions to adhere or not to adhere to interventions for mental disorders, their symptoms, and related disability, would enhance our ability to develop models of interventions to modify those mechanisms and processes to increase adherence. Although many theoretical models have been developed to describe the processes of adherence and behavior change, their potential has not been fully exploited to guide the design of pharmacological, behavioral and psychosocial interventions. ... Applications examining mechanisms and processes underlying provider strategies and behaviors that enhance recruitment, retention, and adherence are also encouraged.
19. Antibody-enhanced pneumococcal adherence requires IgA1 protease -- Weiser et al. 100 (7): 4215 -- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- www.pnas.org
- Antibody-enhanced pneumococcal adherence requires IgA1 protease .
- Because these proteases are specific for human IgA1, we generated human mAbs to the major surface antigen of the pneumococcus, its capsular polysaccharide, and tested their effect in a colonization model of bacterial adherence to respiratory epithelial cells in culture. Rather than inhibiting adherence, type-specific IgA1 markedly enhanced bacterial attachment to host cells, but only when cleaved by IgA1 protease. ... The adherence-promoting properties of cleaved antibodies correlated with the cationic characteristics of their variable segments, suggesting that bound Fab fragments may neutralize the inhibitory effect of negatively charged capsules on adhesive interaction with host cells. Coating of pneumococci with anticapsular polysaccharide antibody unmasked the bacterial phosphorylcholine ligand, allowing for increased adherence mediated by binding to the platelet activating factor receptor on epithelial cells. ...
- This family of enzymes removes the Fc domain needed for secondary effector function and has been noted to reduce the inhibition of adherence by human secretory IgA (S-IgA) (11). ... In this report, we used human anti-PnPS IgA1 to show that IgA1 protease modifies IgA1 antibody so that it promotes rather than inhibits pneumococcal adherence to epithelial cells in a model of colonization. ...
- 5% SDS/PAGE gels before use in adherence assays. ...
- Adherence Assays. ...
- 5 µg/ml, respectively, to treat confluent D562 cells for 30 min before and during adherence assays. ... After allowing for adherence at 37°C for 60 min, the wells were washed five times with PBS, and the adherent bacteria and cells were lifted off by treatment with 200 µl per well of a solution containing 0. ... The percent adherence was calculated as the portion of the untreated inoculum that was adherent and was expressed as the mean of at least three wells per condition. ... For microscopy, the adherence assay was modified by using D562 cells grown on glass coverslips incubated for 60 min at 37°C with bacteria labeled with fluorescein as previously described, washed five times in PBS, inverted and mounted by using VECTASHIELD (Vector Laboratories), and viewed under fluorescence (19). ...
- These hmAbs were examined for their effect on adherence of pneumococci to human pharyngeal epithelial cell monolayers in culture (D562 cells). Expression of the pneumococcal capsule interfered with adherence (type 2 encapsulated D39 vs. ... Rather than further reducing adherence, preincubation of encapsulated strains with IgA1 hmAb specific for each type (2 µg/ml) significantly enhanced adherence (Fig. ... This increased adherence to epithelial cells required expression of the capsule (Fig. ... This effect was antigen specific, because an IgA1 hmAb to type 8 PnPS supported no increased adherence of type 2 strain D39 (Fig. ... The antigen specificity of the effect was further supported by observations that addition of a 10-fold excess of non-PnPS-specific S-IgA neither enhanced adherence alone nor diminished, in combination, the effect of type-specific IgA1 hmAb. Moreover, the effect was observed only with human antibody; neither polyclonal rabbit antisera nor murine IgG and IgM mAbs to the homotypic PnPS increased adherence (data not shown). ...
20. Relationship of Adherence to Pediatric Asthma Morbidity Among Inner-City Children -- Bauman et al. 110 (1): 6 -- Pediatrics
- www.pediatrics.org
- Relationship of Adherence to Pediatric Asthma Morbidity Among Inner-City Children .
- Multiple and logistic regressions found that the adherence measures had independent significant effects on morbidity. Combining the measures improved estimates of morbidity: children whose caregivers were poor on either adherence measure had worse morbidity than those with good adherence on both, eg, rate of hospitalization was twice as high, they missed more than twice as much school, had poorer overall functioning, and experienced more days of wheezing and more restricted days of activity. ...
- Key Words: adherence asthma morbidity inner-city child.
- The National Cooperative Inner-City Asthma Study was initiated to identify the factors associated with asthma morbidity in inner-city children, including exposure to environmental irritants and allergens, access to quality asthma care, psychological and social characteristics, and degree of adherence to medical regimens. This article examines the effect of adherence on asthma morbidity among inner-city children. ...
- Levels of adherence for asthma vary from 3% to 88%1120 and are unrelated to age, race, or gender. ... 5,21,22 Factors associated with lower adherence to the medical regimen include lack of efficacy of the medication (real or perceived); omission or drug overdose; medication taste; too many medications with multiple dosing intervals; long, demanding, or stressful treatment regimens; and incorrect prescriptions given by clinicians. 5,22,23 Patient-related factors that may affect adherence include skepticism about the value of the therapy, forgetfulness, poor hearing or eyesight, decreased mental and functional capabilities, poor quality of life and morale, lack of social support, the presence of multiple caregivers, and poor understanding of the providers instructions. ...
- The rate of adherence in pediatric asthma is similar to that in adults. ... 19,23,36 Full adherence is more likely when the child and the caregiver perceive the child as vulnerable to the disease or its complications, complications of the disease are viewed as serious, and there are anticipated benefits from following the treatment program. ...
- Although several objective strategies have been used to assess adherence, all have shortcomings. ... Other objective measures, such as keeping office appointments, may not occur often enough to provide valid indicators of adherence. ...
- Self-report measures of adherence are most commonly used in research because they are simple, fast, noninvasive, and relatively inexpensive. They can also measure adherence to aspects of a medical management program other than medication usage, such as appointment keeping, avoidance of known asthma triggers, and the use of an emergency plan of action for acute asthma events. The major criticism of patient self-reports is the vulnerability to social desirability bias, in which patients or caregivers overreport adherence to their regimen. ... 37,38 The lack of a simple and accurate measure has been a major barrier to research in the area of adherence. ...
21. Improving Adherence to Diabetes Self-Management Recommendations -- Schechter and Walker 15 (3): 170 -- Diabetes Spectrum
- spectrum.diabetesjournals.org
- Improving Adherence to Diabetes Self-Management Recommendations .
- A wide variety of educational, behavioral, and affective interventions are available that individually produce modest improvements in patient adherence to treatment recommendations in diabetes and related chronic illnesses and that work somewhat better when used in combination. ...
- But systems design and provider adherence to guidelines are topics worthy of extensive separate treatment and are not dealt with here. ...
- Our review will touch on several areas: who is not likely to adopt self-management recommendations, how adherence can be assessed in clinical settings, and what steps have been demonstrated effective at improving adherence. ...
- 3 We try to use the term "patient adherence" in the context of patients choice to adopt and maintain health behaviors, although the research literature for adherence/compliance does not often share this context. ...
- For example, a Medline search for clinical trials of interventions specifically to enhance or promote adherence to prescribed medications among patients with diabetes turns up only a few hundred studies. Much of what we know about improving adherence is, in fact, borrowed from closely related areas facing similar behavioral issues, namely hypertension and coronary artery disease. ...
- Despite its modest size, the adherence literature can be confusing. ...
- The most common clinical practice is probably to ask patients to estimate their own level of adherence with diet and medications. These self-reports typically provide overestimates of adherence for several reasons. ... Second, patients may tend to report higher levels of adherence in order to please health care providers or avoid embarrassment. In addition, recall is often disproportionately influenced by the most recent events, whereas it has been shown that adherence increases in proximity to a health care appointment. ...
- Lower estimates of adherence are typically found when recall-independent behavioral measures are used, such as pill counts, food diaries completed contemporaneously with eating, and review of monitoring logs. ... The accuracy of pill counts, for example, may be enhanced (with a better picture of adherence behaviors) when pill counts are carried out on an unannounced basis during the course of a home visit. But this method of appraising adherence would generally be too intrusive and too labor-consuming for clinical settings, besides perhaps jeopardizing the trust relationship between providers and patients, unless specifically requested by patients. ...
- Indirect measurement of adherence can sometimes be accomplished through biological measurements: drug or metabolite levels in body tissues, weight gain or loss, assays for inert tracers incorporated into compounded medications, or nutrient components of foods. ... And, like recall-based reports, the results of these measurements are typically most influenced by recent behaviors, thereby missing the greater degree of gaps in adherence that occur in days more remote from health care appointments. ...
22. PA-03-111: RESEARCH ON ADHERENCE TO INTERVENTIONS FOR MENTAL DISORDERS
- grants1.nih.gov
- RESEARCH ON ADHERENCE TO INTERVENTIONS FOR MENTAL DISORDERS RELEASE DATE: April 21, 2003 PA NUMBER: PA-03-111 EXPIRATION DATE: March 2006 unless reissued. ... Even if a protocol is completed, less than full adherence to one or more of its components can also limit the benefits. ... Available interventions for these disorders could have greater impact and relieve more suffering if adherence to them were improved. This program announcement is intended to expand research on adherence and behavior change that leads to improved adherence and/or improved mental health outcomes. It should integrate findings from the basic behavioral sciences with interventions for mental disorders, symptoms, or related disability, and with findings from services research about the elements of care delivery systems that facilitate or create barriers to improved adherence. Included are studies of mechanisms and processes that enhance or interfere with adherence to preventive, treatment, and rehabilitative interventions. ... Emphasis is on the development of innovative approaches to adherence and behavior change, especially models of interventions to improve adherence. ... One commonly used definition of adherence is: The degree to which a patient or client's behavior is consistent with an agreed-upon mode of treatment. However, the definition of "adherence" or "behavior change" might well vary depending upon the nature and scope of the particular problems under study. ... Definitions of "adherence" or "behavior change" might address, for example, the completeness and frequency with which a client engages in behavioral or psychosocial components of an intervention protocol, or the extent to which a client takes medications at the dosage and frequency prescribed. ... Increased understanding of the mechanisms and processes underlying individuals' decisions to adhere or not to adhere to interventions for mental disorders, their symptoms, and related disability, would enhance our ability to develop models of interventions to modify those mechanisms and processes to increase adherence.
23. Switches, cross-talk and memory in Escherichia coli adherence -- Holden and Gally 53 (7): 585 -- Journal of Medical Microbiology
- jmm.sgmjournals.org
- Switches, cross-talk and memory in Escherichia coli adherence .
- Many of the key virulence factors are surface structures involved in adherence and motility. ...
24. CDC - Improving Adherence to Hand Hygiene Practice: A Multidisciplinary Approach
- www.cdc.gov
- Special Issue Improving Adherence to Hand Hygiene Practice: A Multidisciplinary Approach .
- Hand hygiene prevents cross-infection in hospitals, but health-care workers' adherence to guidelines is poor. ...
- Despite advances in infection control and hospital epidemiology, Semmelweis' message is not consistently translated into clinical practice (3,4), and health-care workers' adherence to recommended hand hygiene practices is unacceptably low (3,5-10). ...
- This review summarizes factors influencing lack of adherence by health-care personnel to hand hygiene procedures and suggests strategies for improvement.
- Reasons reported by health-care workers for the lack of adherence with recommendations include skin irritation, inaccessible supplies, interference with worker-patient relation, patient needs perceived as priority, wearing gloves, forgetfulness, ignorance of guidelines, insufficient time, high workload and understaffing, and lack of scientific information demonstrating impact of improved hand hygiene on hospital infection rates.
- Some of the perceived barriers for the lack of adherence with hand hygiene guidelines have been assessed or even quantified in observational studies (3,14,20,24,44-47). ...
- Lack of scientific information on the definitive impact of improved hand hygiene on hospital infection rates has been reported as a possible barrier to adherence with recommendations. ...
- Improved adherence with hand hygiene practice compared with hospital infection rates .
- Improving Adherence with Practices.
- Among reasons reported for poor adherence with hand hygiene recommendations, some that are clearly related to the institution (i. ...
- More research is needed to determine whether education, individual reinforcement technique, appropriate rewarding, administrative sanction, enhanced self-participation, active involvement of a larger number of organizational leaders, enhanced perception of health threat, self-efficacy, and perceived social pressure (20,46,83,84), or combinations of these factors would improve health-care workers' adherence to recommendations. ...
- Infection control professionals should promote and conduct outstanding research and provide solutions to improve health-care worker adherence with hand hygiene and enhance patient safety.
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