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25. Substrate Compliance versus Ligand Density in Cell on Gel Responses -- Engler et al. 86 (1): 617 -- Biophysical Journal
- www.biophysj.org
- In agreement with findings on other anchorage-dependent cell lineages, aortic smooth muscle cells are found to spread and organize their cytoskeleton and focal adhesions much more so on "rigid" glass or "stiff" gels than on "soft" gels. ...
26. Nitric oxide modulation of focal adhesions in endothelial cells -- Goligorsky et al. 276 (6): 1271 -- AJP - Cell Physiology
- ajpcell.physiology.org
- Nitric oxide modulation of focal adhesions in endothelial cells .
- The present studies were designed to examine the mechanism(s) involved in the NO effect on focal adhesions. ... Application of NO donors reversibly decreased the degree of wrinkling, consistent with the release of tractional forces exerted by focal adhesions and stress fibers. Morphometric and immunocytochemical analyses showed that NO inhibited adhesion and spreading of HUVECs and attenuated recruitment of paxillin to focal adhesions. ... De novo formation of focal adhesions in HUVECs was significantly diminished in the presence of NO donors. ... NO donors did not interfere with focal adhesion kinase recruitment to focal adhesions but affected the state of its tyrosine phosphorylation, as judged from the results of immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting experiments. ... Collectively, these data indicate that NO reversibly releases tractional forces exerted by spreading endothelial cells via interference with the de novo formation of focal adhesions, tyrosine phosphorylation of components of focal adhesion complexes, and assembly of stress fibers. ...
- THE DUALISTIC NATURE of cell locomotion resides in the concomitant occurrence of reciprocal processes at the leading and trailing edge of the cell: the formation of focal adhesions taking place in the former and their disassembly prevailing in the latter (reviewed in Refs. ... Breakdown of focal adhesions, on the other hand, appears to be dependent on mechanical (tractional) forces and components of focal adhesion complexes (5, 20). Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase activity tends to stabilize focal adhesions, whereas inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase activity participates in their destabilization (5, 14). Hence the combination of phosphorylation and cytoskeletal tension appears to dictate the integral balance of assembly-disassembly of focal adhesions. ...
- We demonstrated that NO reversibly releases tractional forces exerted by spreading endothelial cells by interfering with the de novo formation of focal adhesions, tyrosine phosphorylation (PY) of focal adhesion kinase (p125FAK) and paxillin, and assembly of stress fibers. ...
- Changes in wrinkling pattern of silicone rubber sheets by unstimulated cells indicated that focal adhesions and tractional forces exerted through them were constantly remodeling. ...
- These data suggested that NO releases tractional forces exerted through focal adhesions and stress fibers, thereby interfering with the processes of adhesion and spreading in freshly plated endothelial cells. ...
- 4B), normally confined to focal adhesions, equivocal changes in the distribution of vinculin (not shown), and the retraction and dropout of some HUVECs (Fig. 4, B-D), which left behind components of focal adhesions. These changes were reversible, so that by 90 min tyrosine phosphorylation was immunodetectable at focal adhesions, and by 120 min stress fibers reappeared (Fig. ...
27. CD2AP and p130Cas localize to different F-actin structures in podocytes -- Welsch et al. 281 (4): 769 -- AJP - Renal Physiology
- ajprenal.physiology.org
- In cultured podocytes, p130Cas was enriched at sites of focal adhesions, where it colocalized like vinculin with F-actin at stress fiber ends. ... Whereas p130Cas is found in focal adhesions, CD2AP seems to be involved in the regulation of highly dynamic F-actin structures in podocyte foot processes. ...
28. Overexpression of Hyperactive Integrin-Linked Kinase Leads to Increased Cellular Radiosensitivity -- Cordes 64 (16): 5683 -- Cancer Research
- cancerres.aacrjournals.org
- Immunofluorescence stainings of ILK-hk cells indicated disturbed ILK and paxillin membrane localization with concomitant decrease in focal adhesions. ...
29. Integrin-linked kinase regulates chondrocyte shape and proliferation -- Grashoff et al. 4 (4): 432 -- EMBO Reports
- emboreports.npgjournals.com
- Ligated integrins are recruited to focal adhesions (FAs) together with scaffolding proteins and kinases, such as integrin-linked kinase (Ilk). ...
- ILK is required for the assembly of matrix-forming adhesions and capillary morphogenesis in endothelial cells.
30. Center for Endometriosis Care Newsletter - Dr. Albee on LUNA and PSN
- www.centerforendo.com
31. Disease Category Listing (630): Pelvic Adhesions
- www.centerwatch.com
32. Cytoskeletal regulation of pulmonary vascular permeability -- Dudek and Garcia 91 (4): 1487 -- Journal of Applied Physiology
- jap.physiology.org
- Focal adhesions provide additional adhesive forces in barrier regulation by forming a critical bridge for bidirectional signal transduction between the actin cytoskeleton and the cell-matrix interface. ...
- Microtubule disruption with agents such as nocodazole or vinblastine induces rapid assembly of actin filaments and focal adhesions (9, 28, 149), isometric cellular contraction (28), which correlates with the level of MLC phosphorylation (88), increased permeability across EC monolayers (149, 155), and increased transendothelial leukocyte migration (85), whereas microtubule stabilization with paclitaxel attenuates these effects. ...
- Cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions are essential for barrier maintenance and restoration and exist in dynamic equilibrium with EC contractile forces. ...
- Focal adhesions comprise extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (collagen, fibronectin, laminin, vitronectin, proteoglycans), transmembrane integrin receptors, and cytoplasmic focal adhesion plaques (containing -actinin, vinculin, paxillin, and talin), which combine to provide additional adhesive forces in barrier regulation and form a critical bridge for bidirectional signal transduction between the actin cytoskeleton and the cell-matrix interface (78, 128). ... Rho inhibition dissociates stress fibers from focal adhesions, decreases phosphotyrosine content of paxillin and FAK, and enhances EC barrier function (18). Similarly, v-Src-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion proteins is a well-established stimulus for disassembly of these adhesive structures (43); however, some basal level of tyrosine phosphorylation appears necessary to maintain focal adhesions because selective tyrosine kinase inhibition will disrupt these contacts (41). In support of a barrier maintenance function for tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesions is a recent report describing the association of diperoxovanadate-induced transient EC barrier enhancement with phosphotyrosine incorporation into FAK (54). ...
- Shear stress maximally increases protein expression of integrins after 12 h of exposure and significantly enhances cell-matrix attachment, suggesting that flow helps maintain the EC monolayer through augmentation of focal adhesions (146). ...
- Formation of actin stress fibers and focal adhesions enhanced by Rho kinase. ...
- Syndecan-4 core protein is sufficient for the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. ...
- Dynamics of alpha-actinin in focal adhesions and stress fibers visualized with alpha-actinin-green fluorescent protein. ...
- The catalytic activity of Src is dispensable for translocation to focal adhesions but controls the turnover of these structures during cell motility. ...
- Active ERK/MAP kinase is targeted to newly forming cell-matrix adhesions by integrin engagement and v-Src. ...
- The molecular architecture of focal adhesions. ...
- The small GTP-binding protein rho regulates assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers in response to growth factors. ...
- Distinct roles of ROCK (Rho-kinase) and MLCK in spatial regulation of MLC phosphorylation for assembly of stress fibers and focal adhesions in 3T3 fibroblasts. ...
33. Integrins in invasive growth -- Brakebusch et al. 109 (8): 999 -- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- www.jci.org
- Such clusters are present in focal adhesions, readily detectable cell-matrix contacts that have been extensively studied in cultured fibroblasts. ...
- This might be caused by contraction or by intracellular proteolytic cleavage of integrins and other focal adhesion proteins and a concomitant disintegration of focal adhesions. Activation of Src may play a pivotal role in the regulation of focal adhesion turnover during migration, since the constitutively active v-Src oncoprotein is located in focal adhesions, where it induces focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation, calpain-mediated degradation of focal adhesion proteins, and, eventually, disassembly of focal adhesions during transformation (12). It is conceivable that growth factors like EGF promote cell migration by reducing cell adhesion and the number of focal adhesions through the same mechanism. ...
- In adherent but not in suspended cells, activated Rac interacts with and activates p21-activated kinase (PAK), which can then stimulate migration by increasing the turnover of focal adhesions (17). ...
- After integrin engagement or stimulation of v-Src, active Erk can also be targeted to newly forming focal adhesions, where it may phosphorylate focal adhesion proteins and influence cytoskeletal organization and migration (24). ...
- Some of these transcriptional effects might be mediated by the transcription factor Cas-interacting zinc finger protein (CIZ), which can shuttle between the focal adhesions and the nucleus (26). ...
- Differential dynamics of 5 integrin, paxillin, and -actinin during formation and disassembly of adhesions in migrating cells. ...
- Active ERK/MAP kinase is targeted to newly forming cell-matrix adhesions by integrin engagement and v-Src. ...
34. Hepatic stellate cells: role in microcirculation and pathophysiology of portal hypertension -- Reynaert et al. 50 (4): 571 -- Gut
- gut.bmjjournals.com
- 50,51 Moreover, PLD colocalises with F-actin and three proteins, vinculin, talin, and -actinin, found on the cytoplasmic face of focal adhesions suggesting a role in the assembly/regulation of these structures. ...
- Evidence demonstrates that PI(3)K is recruited to focal adhesions (see below) where it plays a structural/signalling role. ...
- 59,60 Moreover, HSC activation was accompanied by rho induced formation of actin stress fibres and focal adhesions. ...
- In fibroblasts, three of the agents shown to elicit HSC contraction (ET-1, vasopressin, and LPA) rapidly stimulate both (i) tyrosine phosphorylation of p125 focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin and (ii) their clustering at focal adhesions, in a Ca2+ and PKC independent manner. ... 65 This results in the creation of binding sites for, and clustering of, other proteinsfor example, src kinase and PI(3)Kat focal adhesions for structural/signalling functions. ...
- MLC kinase and the formation of stress fibres/focal adhesions.
- Stimulation of fibroblasts with LPA increases MLC phosphorylation with a time course preceding that for the detection of tyrosine phosphorylation, stress fibres, and focal adhesions. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of MLC kinase prevented formation of stress fibres and focal adhesions, implying that MLC phosphorylation plays an important role in the formation/stability of these structures. 72 Thus inhibition of MLC kinase by a cAMP/cGMP dependent kinase may underlie the disappearance of stress fibres/focal adhesions in activated HSC. ...
- The small GTP-binding protein rho regulates the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers in response to growth factors. ...
- Formation of actin stress fibers and focal adhesions enhanced by Rho-kinase. ...
- Rho-stimulated contractility drives the formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions. ...
35. Cancer Spectrum: Tamura et al., pp. 1820-1828.
- jncicancerspectrum.oupjournals.org
- The N-terminal domain of PTEN also shows extensive homology to the cytoskeletal protein tensin (17-19), which plays a role in maintenance of cellular structure and possibly in signal transduction by binding to actin filaments at focal adhesions and to phosphotyrosine-containing proteins through its actin-binding and Src homology-2 (SH2) domains (23). ...
- A large variety of intracellular regulatory enzyme pathways can control the formation of focal adhesions and actin cytoskeleton organization. ... FAK co-localizes with integrins at focal adhesions, and its protein kinase activity is enhanced by cell binding to extracellular matrix proteins (48). ...
- Association of the amino-terminal half of c-Src with focal adhesions alters their properties and is regulated by phosphorylation of tyrosine 527. ...
- Interleukin-1-induced calcium flux in human fibroblasts is mediated through focal adhesions. ...
- Inhibition of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling in focal adhesions decreases cell motility and proliferation. ...
- Inhibition of cell migration, spreading, and focal adhesions by tumor suppressor PTEN. ...
- p130Cas, a substrate associated with v-Src and v-Crk, localizes to focal adhesions and binds to focal adhesion kinase. ...
36. Cytoskeletal regulation of pulmonary vascular permeability -- Dudek and Garcia 91 (4): 1487 -- Journal of Applied Physiology
- jap.physiology.org
- Focal adhesions provide additional adhesive forces in barrier regulation by forming a critical bridge for bidirectional signal transduction between the actin cytoskeleton and the cell-matrix interface. ...
- Vascular Endothelial-Cadherin Regulates Cytoskeletal Tension, Cell Spreading, and Focal Adhesions by Stimulating RhoA.
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