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1. Diffuse Nebulae
- www.seds.org
- Diffuse Nebulae.
- Click icon to view a diffuse nebula from Messier's catalog .
- >> Messier's diffuse nebulae; Links .
- Diffuse nebulae, sometimes inacurately referred to as gaseous nebulae, are clouds of interstellar matter, namely thin but widespread agglomerations of gas and dust. ...
- Diffuse emission nebulae are often called H II regions because they are mainly consisted of ionized hydrogene, H II - the roman number after the element symbol (here H) designating the ionization level: `I' would stand for neutral atoms, the `II' here means first ionization, i. ...
- The first diffuse nebula discovered was the Orion Nebula, M42, observed telescopically in 1610 by N. ... The diffuse nebulae were longly be considered as distant, unresolved star clusters, or star clouds, until in the 1860s spectroscopy revealed their gaseous nature by showing line spectra, in particular due to the pioneering research of William Huggins. ...
- While all of Messier's diffuse nebulae belong to our Milky Way galaxy, most other galaxies (especially all spiral and irregular galaxies) also contain such objects. Messier's diffuse nebulae: M8, M17, M20, M42, M43, M78. ...
- Moreover, open star cluster M16 (NGC 6611) is physically connected with the Eagle Nebula IC 4703, an H II region, and the Pleiades, M45, contain diffuse reflection nebulae. ...
- Other early known diffuse nebulae: NGC 2070, NGC 3372. ...
- Diffuse Nebulae Catalogs List .
- ARVAL Catalog of Bright Nebulae (Diffuse and SNRs) .
- Diffuse Nebulae list from An Atlas of the Universe .
- Look at Diffuse Nebulae in Messier's Catalog .
- Also look at our small collection of some significant diffuse nebulae not in Messier's catalog .
2. Diffuse Radio Sources in Clusters of Galaxies
- www.astrop.physics.usyd.edu.au
- Diffuse Radio Sources in Clusters of Galaxies.
- A search of these clusters has resulted in 14 candidate diffuse sources. To try and further characterize diffuse sources we carry out a statistical study of the cluster sample. We propose that there are two distinct types of diffuse sources, `relic' radio galaxies and diffuse sources caused by shock acceleration and/or cluster turbulence. We discuss models which explain the observed properties of these sources, and show that separating the diffuse sources into these distinct classes resolves some of the ambiguities in the models. As an example of the relationships between cluster environment and diffuse radio emission, we have carried out a detailed study of a particular cluster, A3266, observed earlier this year with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). ...
- The Search for Diffuse Sources .
- Diffuse Radio Sources .
- Properties of Clusters That Contain Diffuse Sources .
- Previously Studied Diffuse Sources .
- The Origin of Diffuse Sources .
- Early Models for the Origin of Diffuse Sources .
- A New Model for the Origin of Diffuse Sources .
- Diffuse Sources .
- What causes diffuse radio emission? .
- Diffuse Emission .
3. Diffuse and Specular Convolution
- www.ict.usc.edu
- Diffuse and Specular Convolution.
- HDRshop can perform a diffuse or specular convolution on a high-dynamic range 360 degree panoramic image (also called a light probe). This is useful if you need to pre-compute a diffuse or rough specular texture map; for example, to light an object using a light probe in real time applications. ... In non-mathematical terms, the diffuse convolution is the image you'd want to use as an environment-map (indexed by the surface normal) to light a diffuse object in order to show it lit by a light probe. ...
- The diffuse convolution will act on the currently selected window so click on your light probe image to make sure it’s selected. ...
- Choose Diffuse Blur by clicking on Image on the menu bar, then Panorama on the Image menu, and finally Diffuse/Specular Convolution on the Panorama menu. ...
- For a purely diffuse convolution, use the default phong exponent value (1. ...
- A warning will pop up if HDRShop calculates that the diffuse convolution process will take more than 10 seconds. ...
- You may resize the result of the diffuse convolution to the original size of the lat/long image if you like by reversing the process in step 2, using the Arbitrary Resize option instead of the Half Size option. ...
- Diffuse Convolution .
4. All-Frequency Relighting of Non-Diffuse Objects using Separable BRDF Approximation
- www.cs.virginia.edu
- All-Frequency Relighting of Non-Diffuse Objects.
- This paper presents a technique, based on pre-computed light transport and separable BRDF approximation, for interactive rendering of non-diffuse objects under all-frequency environment illumination. ... Non-linear wavelet lighting approximation is able to capture all-frequency illumination and shadows for geometry relighting, but interactive rendering is currently limited to diffuse objects. Our work extends the wavelet-based approach to relighting of non-diffuse objects. ... Using our technique, we demonstrate rendering of objects with several non-diffuse BRDFs under all-frequency, dynamic environment lighting at interactive rates. ...
5. Diffuse and Spotted Knapweed
- www.ext.colostate.edu
- Diffuse and Spotted Knapweed.
- Diffuse knapweed is a short-lived, non creeping perennial, a biennial, or occasionally an annual that reproduces and spreads solely from seed. ...
- Diffuse and spotted knapweed are readily controlled with herbicides. ...
- Diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa) is a short-lived perennial, a biennial, or occasionally an annual. ...
- The long terminal spine differentiates diffuse from spotted knapweed.
- Spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa) looks like diffuse knapweed with some notable exceptions. ... Leaves are similar to diffuse knapweed. Lavender to purple flowers are solitary on shoot tips and about the same size as diffuse knapweed flowers. ...
- Diffuse knapweed seeds germinate in spring or fall or anytime during the growing season following a disturbance, if adequate soil moisture is present. Seedlings develop into rosettes and diffuse knapweed remains as a rosette until it grows to a critical size, then it bolts, flowers, and sets seed. It may take from one to several years for diffuse knapweed to reach the critical size necessary to reproduce by seed.
- Diffuse knapweed is native to degraded noncropland (waste places) and seashores from southern Europe to north-central Ukraine. ... Diffuse knapweed appears to occupy similar areas in the United States. Diffuse knapweed will not tolerate flooding or shade and thrives in the semiarid west (generally in 9- to 16-inch precipitation zones). ...
- A 2002 survey conducted by the Colorado Department of Agriculture found 145,148 infested acres of diffuse knapweed and 1,093 infested acres of spotted knapweed.
- Perennial plants resume growth in early spring and bolt at approximately the same time as diffuse knapweed. ...
6. Diffuse vents
- www.pmel.noaa.gov
- Diffuse vents .
- Diffuse venting on the seafloor occurs where high-temperature fluids rising from depth become mixed with cold seawater before they exit the seafloor. The key difference between diffuse and focused vents is how much mixing with seawater occurs before they are released. ... On the other hand, the plumbing of diffuse vents is leaky and allows seawater to mix with the vent fluid and this mixture exits the seafloor over a larger area.
- Because of this mixing, diffuse vents are typically low in temperature, with fluids cooler than 200°C (by definition) and usually cooler than about 50°C. ... After the 1998 eruption of Axial volcano, diffuse vents were widespread on the new lava flow. White microbial residue along the margins of cracks in the lava surface, in the recesses in lobate flows, and outlining every skylight are evidence for diffuse venting and abundant subsurface microbial growth throughout the lava flow area. Snowblower vents are a unique kind of diffuse vent where white flocculent material is blown out of the seafloor, evidence of a subsurface microbial bloom.
- Hydrothermal vents | fluid paths | focused vents | diffuse vents | sulfide | anhydrite .
7. NASA Astrochemistry
- www.astrochem.org
- gov/~astrochm/ The Identification of Aliphatic Organic Compounds in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium.
- The 'empty' space between the stars and between dense molecular clouds in the interstellar medium is known as the Diffuse Interstellar Medium (DISM). ... This gas and dust scatters and absorbs starlight as it passes through the diffuse ISM. ... Comparisons between the infrared absorption bands produced by the dust in the diffuse ISM and laboratory standards can then be used to constrain the composition of the dust. ...
- The fact that both of these lines-of-sight produce the same absorption feature even though light from different types of stars is being measured suggests that the absorption feature is due to material in the diffuse ISM rather than in the stars themselves. This interpretation is further strengthened by the observation that the absorption feature grows in strength as you look at stars that are farther and farther away, just as you'd expect if the feature was due to material in the diffuse ISM (the spectrum of VI Cyg 12 has been scaled up by a factor of 5 in the figure below to make the profile comparison clearer).
- The strengths of the observed bands and their detection along many lines-of-sight in our galaxy indicate that this material is ubiquitous and contains on the order of 10% of all the carbon in the diffuse ISM!.
- Some of the organic molecules in these meteorites are known to have an interstellar origin because they contain large deuterium enrichments and the spectral match suggests that the organics in the diffuse ISM and in meteorites may be related.
- For more detailed information on the infrared spectral comparisons done in our laboratory for the purposes of determining the composition, abundance, and distribution of the organic materials in the diffuse interstellar medium, see:.
- The Galactic Distribution of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium. ...
- 4 µm: Constraints on the Composition of Organic Material in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium. ...
8. Direct/Diffuse Light
- faldo.atmos.uiuc.edu
- Lesson: Direct and Diffuse Light.
- Create an understanding of the difference between direct and diffuse light Materials:.
- Which light is more diffuse, less intense, or more spread out? .
- In which shape is the color more spread out, or diffuse? .
- Which pattern is the popcorn more spread out (or diffuse)? .
- Larger circles or patterns were more spread out, diffuse, or less intense. ...
- diffuse .
- Have the students make a picture or painting showing the concepts of diffuse and direct. ...
9. Postgraduate Medicine: Defining diffuse Lewy body disease
- www.postgradmed.com
- Defining diffuse Lewy body disease.
- To understand the reasons for underdiagnosis of diffuse Lewy body disease .
- To be able to describe the four cardinal symptoms of diffuse Lewy body disease .
- To learn optimal management of diffuse Lewy body disease .
- Preview: Diffuse Lewy body disease is a common type of dementia that shares similarities with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. ... In this article, Dr Stewart describes the characteristics of diffuse Lewy body disease and ways to optimize the quality of life for patients affected by it.
- Defining diffuse Lewy body disease: tetrad of symptoms distinguishes illness from other dementias. ...
- It is perhaps surprising that a common, clinically important illness could still be hiding under our noses in the 21st century, but such is the case with diffuse Lewy body disease. ...
- Diffuse Lewy body disease was first described by the neuropathologist Kosaka and colleagues in 1984 (2). ...
- Diffuse Lewy body disease is found at autopsy in 15% to 20% of patients with dementia (1). ... In contrast to Alzheimer's disease, diffuse Lewy body disease is twice as common in men as in women (4). ...
- Comparison of features of Alzheimer's disease and diffuse Lewy body disease .
- Diffuse Lewy body disease .
- The typical clinical picture of diffuse Lewy body disease is distinctive and features a tetrad of symptoms: Alzheimer's-like dementia, parkinsonian symptoms, prominent psychotic symptoms and, most important, extreme sensitivity to antipsychotic agents. ...
- The dementia seen in diffuse Lewy body disease is similar to that of Alzheimer's disease (4) and includes prominent memory loss, aphasia, and apraxia initially and executive deficits (eg, disinhibition, loss of initiative, incontinence) later. ... In addition, up to 81% of patients with diffuse Lewy body disease have unexplained periods of markedly increased confusion that lasts days to weeks and closely mimics delirium (3). ...
10. The Diffuse Interstellar Bands
- web99.arc.nasa.gov
- The Diffuse Interstellar Bands.
- A series of diffuse bands (of interstellar origin) were recorded on photographic plates early in the century. ... Identifying the carriers of these diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) has become the classic (astrophysical) spectroscopic problem of the 20th century. ...
- For more detailed information on our studies of the Diffuse Interstellar Bands, see:.
- Assessment of the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon - Diffuse Interstellar Band Proposal. ...
- Implications for the Diffuse Interstellar Bands. In The Diffuse Interstellar Bands, A. ...
- Neutral and Ionized PAHs, The Diffuse Interstellar Bands, and the Ultraviolet Extinction Curve. ...
- The Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrum of the PAH C10H8+: Possible Contributions to the Diffuse Interstellar Bands and to the UV-Visible Extinction. ...
- Is a Pyrene-Like Molecular Ion Responsible for the 4430 å Diffuse Interstellar Band? Nature 358, 42-43.
11. Diffuse interface models
- www.umpa.ens-lyon.fr
- Diffuse interface models.
12. A Ray Tracing Solution to Diffuse Interreflection
- radsite.lbl.gov
- A Ray Tracing Solution to Diffuse Interreflection.
- An efficient ray tracing method is presented for calculating interreflections between surfaces with both diffuse and specular components. ... The technique can also model diffuse transmission and illumination from large area sources, such as the sky. ...
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