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1. Descartes' Discourse on Method
- www.rbjones.com
- Descartes' Discourse on Method (for noframe browsers) .
2. Discourse analysis online
- extra.shu.ac.uk
- Welcome to discourse analysis online.
- DA On-Line is a brand new, international, interactive on-line journal dedicated to the publication of discourse analysis research.
- DA On-Line uses interactive, internet-based media to provide an innovative forum for the presentation of discourse analysis research, to foster on-line collaboration and dialogue within the DA community and to redesign the conventional journal review process.
- We invite submissions from all discourse researchers in the social sciences, cultural studies or humanities. We would particularly like to see discussions of the practical applications of discourse studies.
3. Discourse Modeling
- cslu.cse.ogi.edu
- 3 Dialogue Modeling Up: 6 Discourse and Dialogue Previous: 6. ...
- 2 Discourse Modeling.
- 1 Overview: Discourse and Dialogue.
- Current approaches to discourse and dialogue from the field of artificial intelligence and computational linguistics are based on four predominant theories of discourse which emerged in the mid- to late-eighties: .
- Hob85 : A theory of discourse coherence based on a small, limited set of coherence relations, applied recursively to discourse segments. ... GS86 : A tripartite organization of discourse structure according to the focus of attention of the speaker (the attentional state), the structure of the speaker's purposes (the intentional structure) and the structure of sequences of utterances (the linguistic structure); each of these three constituents deal with different aspects of the discourse. MT87 : A hierarchical organization of text spans, where each span is either the nucleus (central) or satellite (support) of one of a set of discourse relations. ... McK85 : A hierarchical organization of discourse around fixed schemata which guarantee coherence and which drive content selection in generation. ...
- With the burgeoning of research on natural language generation since the late-eighties has come an expansion of the emphasis of computational approaches of discourse towards discourse production and, concomitantly, dialogue. ...
- Traditional theories and frameworks of formal semantics are sentence based and therefore not suited for discourse semantics without considerable extensions. ...
- 2 Discourse Representation Theory.
- Discourse Representation Theory (DRT) (cf. ...
- Among the key outstanding issues for computational theories of discourse are: .
- Nature of Discourse Relations: Relations are variously viewed as textual, rhetorical, intentional, or informational. Although each type of relation can be expected to have a different impact on a text, current discourse theories generally fail to distinguish between them. Number of Discourse Relations: Depending on the chosen theoretical approach, these can range from anywhere between two and about twenty-five. ... Level of Abstraction at which Discourse is Described: In general, approaches advocating fewer discourse relations tend to address higher levels of abstraction. Nature of Discourse Segments: A key question here is whether discourse segments have psychological reality or whether they are abstract linguistic units akin to phonemes. Recently, there have been attempts to identify the boundary features of discourse segments HG92,LP93 . Rôle of Intentions in Discourse: It is well-recognized that intentions play an important rôle in discourse. ... Mechanisms for Handling Key Linguistic Phenomena: Of the predominant theories, only RST fails to address the issues of discourse focus, reference resolution and cue phrases. ... Mechanisms for Reasoning about Discourse: Cue phrases and certain syntactic forms are useful signals of prevailing discourse functions (e. ... , discourse relations, discourse focus and topic) but do not occur with predictable regularity in texts. Reasoning mechanisms for retriving and/or generating these discourse functions are thus required.
4. Discourse: Journal for Theoretical Studies in Media and Culture
- www.sip.uiuc.edu
- Cover, Discourse 21. ...
- Discourse encourages submissions focusing on current debates surrounding cultural studies, media studies, ethnic studies, feminism, and neo- and post-colonialism. Discourse serves in part as a forum for critical theory and cultural studies, and aims to reach readers similarly committed to comparative and crossdisciplinary interpretation. ...
- Subscribe to Discourse Online .
- About Discourse.
5. OLAC Discourse Type Vocabulary
- www.language-archives.org
- OLAC Discourse Type Vocabulary.
- org/REC/discourse-20030127. ...
- org/REC/discourse. ...
- org/REC/discourse-20021217. ...
- This document specifies the codes, or controlled vocabulary, for the Discourse Type extension of the OLAC Type element. These codes describe the content of a resource as structured in such a way as to represent a particular type of discourse. ...
- Term 'Conversation' changed to 'Interactive Discourse'. ...
- Term 'Formulaic' changed to 'Formulaic Discourse'. ...
- Term 'Procedural' changed to 'Procedural Discourse'. ...
- Discourse Type .
- The Discourse Type extension of the Type element is used to describe the content of a resource as representing discourse of a particular structural type. ... For example, a narrative text would be described as both a primary text (OLAC Linguistic Type) and a narrative (OLAC Discourse Type). ...
- Discourse Type.
- The heading gives the encoded value for the term that is to be used as the value of the code attribute of the "OLAC-Discourse-Type" extension of the Type metadata element OLAC-MS . ...
- A planned, creative, rendition of discourse involving two or more participants.
- Formulaic Discourse.
6. Discourse Analysis
- www.gslis.utexas.edu
- Discourse Analysis.
- It is difficult to give a single definition of Critical or Discourse Analysis as a research method. Indeed, rather than providing a particular method, Discourse Analysis can be characterized as a way of approaching and thinking about a problem. In this sense, Discourse Analysis is neither a qualitative nor a quantitative research method, but a manner of questioning the basic assumptions of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Discourse Analysis does not provide a tangible answer to problems based on scientific research, but it enables access to the ontological and epistemological assumptions behind a project, a statement, a method of research, or - to provide an example from the field of Library and Information Science - a system of classification. In other words, Discourse Analysis will enable to reveal the hidden motivations behind a text or behind the choice of a particular method of research to interpret that text. Expressed in today's more trendy vocabulary, Critical or Discourse Analysis is nothing more than a deconstructive reading and interpretation of a problem or text (while keeping in mind that postmodern theories conceive of every interpretation of reality and, therefore, of reality itself as a text. Every text is conditioned and inscribes itself within a given discourse, thus the term Discourse Analysis). Discourse Analysis will, thus, not provide absolute answers to a specific problem, but enable us to understand the conditions behind a specific "problem" and make us realize that the essence of that "problem", and its resolution, lie in its assumptions; the very assumptions that enable the existence of that "problem". By enabling us to make these assumption explicit, Discourse Analysis aims at allowing us to view the "problem" from a higher stance and to gain a comprehensive view of the "problem" and ourselves in relation to that "problem". Discourse Analysis is meant to provide a higher awareness of the hidden motivations in others and ourselves and, therefore, enable us to solve concrete problems - not by providing unequivocal answers, but by making us ask ontological and epistemological questions.
- Though critical thinking about and analysis of situations/texts is as ancient as mankind or philosophy itself, and no method or theory as such, Discourse Analysis is generally perceived as the product of the postmodern period. ... ) in the belief that there is no meaning, that the world is inherently fragmented and heterogeneous, and that any sense making system or belief is mere subjective interpretation - and an interpretation that is conditioned by its social surrounding and the dominant discourse of its time. ...
- Uses of Discourse Analysis.
- The contribution of the postmodern Discourse Analysis is the application of critical thought to social situations and the unveiling of hidden (or not so hidden) politics within the socially dominant as well as all other discourses (interpretations of the world, belief systems, etc. ... Discourse Analysis can be applied to any text, that is, to any problem or situation. Since Discourse Analysis is basically an interpretative and deconstructing reading, there are no specific guidelines to follow. ...
7. Discourse Ethics
- caae.phil.cmu.edu
- The Discourse Ethics of Jürgen Habermas .
- One of the most famous phrases of the discourse ethics of Jürgen Habermas is: in discourse the unforced force of the better argument prevails. ...
- A brief presentation of some basic elements of Habermas's discourse ethics will be followed by some problems and questions that are important from my point of view. ...
- In what respect does Habermas's discourse ethics contain meta-ethical - that is, propedeutic - elements? The answer is initially easy: Meta-ethical reflections are a part of discourse ethics in defining what is a moral question and what is not. Beyond the embeddedness of discourse ethics in the development of western rationality and in the process of differentation of rationality (in its three types of theoretical, practical and expressive rationality) is a meta-ethical framework in a broad sense. Habermas chooses a specific way of combining theoretical meta-ethical statements with the practical world, the "lifeworld" contexts lebensweltlichen Kontexten , in his discourse ethics. From this point of view, discourse ethics is neither pure meta-ethics nor applied ethics. ...
- One point in question in Habermas's discourse ethics (and I restrict this presentation to the version of Jürgen Habermas, which I take to be the important one) is the relation between empirical foundation and transcendental method, between context orientation und decontextualization in the so-called 'moral point of view,',which is the phrase Habermas uses to describe the specific dimension of morality, i. ...
- Three characterics of discourse ethics: .
- Cognitivism: First, discourse ethics starts from the assumption that even moral problems are capable of being solved in a rational and cognitive way. ... Discourse ethics is a normative ethics for pluralistic societies which no longer have a single, overarching moral authority. ...
- For that reason, Habermas emphasizes the role of a formal moral theory, such as discourse ethics, in creating the 'free spaces' Freiräume needed for a pluralism of many different 'good lives. ...
- Universalization: The essential point of discourse ethics by Habermas is formulated in the principle of universalization and what it entails - namely, the principle of discourse. ...
- Habermas, "Discourse Ethics: Notes on a Program of Philosophical Justification," Cambridge, MIT Press 1990, p. ...
- , the freedom, in principle, of discourse from accidental and structural forms of power; and the postulate of seriousness or authenticity Ernsthaftigkeit , i. ...
- The principle of universalization is applied in the principle of discourse: "only those norms can claim to be valid that meet (or could meet) with the approval of all affected in their capacity as participants in a practical discourse. ... Habermas, Discourse Ethics, p. 66) The problem lies in the subjunctive parenthetical phrase: Are we supposed to think that the practical discourse could also function adequately with substitutes, with advocates in place of those who are affected? As an example, we must decide as advocates for generations yet to come. But Habermas, as I understand him, wants to disqualify discourse in those cases in which "expert discussions" assume a "place-holder" function for those who cannot represent themselves, precisely because the principle of discourse requires that all who are affected - not simply their assumed advocates - be able to participate: "Required is a 'real' argumentation in which those who are affected cooperatively participate. ... But Habermas has worked through this problem theoretically in emphazising the institutionalizations of discourse proceedings. ...
8. WS97 Discourse LM Group
- www.colorado.edu
- Discourse Language Modeling Project .
- In Applying Machine Learning to Discourse Processing. ...
- Proceedings of ACL/COLING-98 Workshop on Discourse Relations and Discourse Markers, 114-120.
- Automatic Detection of Discourse Structure for Speech Recognition and Understanding. ...
- Switchboard Discourse Language Modeling Project Final Report. ...
- (1997) "Switchboard SWBD-DAMSL Shallow-Discourse-Function Annotation Coders Manual, Draft 13" (postscript) (HTML) University of Colorado, Boulder. ...
- Rebecca Bates, Noah Coccaro, Daniel Jurafsky, Rachel Martin, Marie Meteer, Klaus Ries, Elizabeth Shriberg, Andreas Stolcke, Paul Taylor, and Carol Van Ess-Dykema (1997) Discourse Language Modeling Project. ...
- Rebecca Bates, Noah Coccaro, Daniel Jurafsky, Rachel Martin, Marie Meteer, Klaus Ries, Elizabeth Shriberg, Andreas Stolcke, Paul Taylor, and Carol Van Ess-Dykema (1997) Discourse Language Modeling Project. ...
- (1997) "Switchboard Discourse Annotations - Data", Department of Linguistics, Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder. ...
9. Electronic Bibliography on Discourse Analysis
- www.discourse-analysis.com
- Electronic Bibliography on Discourse Analysis.
- This site contains bibliographical information that is relevant for discourse analysis. ...
10. Discourse particles
- odur.let.rug.nl
- DISCOURSE PARTICLES, MODAL AND FOCAL PARTICLES, AND ALL THAT STUFF.
- Miki Ikoma & Masahito Kawamori Interaction of Prosody and Meaning of Modal Discourse Particles. ...
- Nikolinka Nenova & Ronan Reilly Supporting Discourse Structure by Applying Discourse Particles Taxonomy. ...
- Lynn Burley Discourse Markers in Siouan Myth Rhetorical Structure: Evidence From Dakota and Hochunk. ...
- Karin Aijmer Discourse Particles in Contrast. ...
- Elisaveta Khatchatourian Discourse Markers of Verbal Origin. ...
- François Nemo A Morphemic/ Indicational Approach to the Description of Discourse Words: the Case of ‘but’ and ‘mais’. ...
- Diana Lewis Rhetorical Motivations for the Emergence of Discourse Particles, with Special Reference to English ‘of course’. ...
- Evelyne Ngantchui Ts- and zh-: Two Discourse Particles in Batoufam. ...
- Jacques Jayez Discourse markers and Unexpectedness abstract.
- Second Plenary Lecture: Bruce Fraser Discourse Markers: The State of the Art. ...
- Third Plenary Lecture: Maj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen From Aspectuality to Discourse Marking: the Case of French ‘déjà’ and ‘encore’. ...
- Piet Van de Craen Non-Standard Dutch ‘Allez’ as a Discourse Particle. ...
- Magdalena Romera The Spanish Discourse Marker ‘O Sea’: a Discourse Functional Unit. ...
- Yiya Chen & Agnes He An Interaction-Centered, Activity-Bound Approach to Discourse Particles: the Case of ‘dui bu dui’. ...
- Anita Fetzer Contextualization Cues: More- and less-fuzzy Hedges, Discourse Markers and Interpersonal Markers. ...
11. Slembrouck (1998)
- bank.rug.ac.be
- Towards a discourse analysis of multi-media practices.
- Multi-media and the internet - a project for discourse analysis. ...
- Digitalisation within discourse analysis - one or two afterthoughts. ...
- What is meant by discourse analysis? .
12. Sarah Hickman - Social Significance Of Patterns Of Questioning In Classroom Discourse
- cla.libart.calpoly.edu
- Social Significance Of Patterns Of Questioning In Classroom Discourse .
- Some twenty-four centuries later, language remains the primary medium and discourse the primary method of teaching and learning. ... Realizing the effect of classroom discourse patterns, particularly patterns of questioning, on the material to be learned and the learning process itself is crucial to making appropriate adjustments conducive to achieving the maximum benefits of education in a classroom environment. ...
- Cazden, author of Classroom Discourse, asserts that "any social institution can be considered a communication system" by virtue of its very existence (2). ...
- Teachers must make themselves aware of the language patterns in their classrooms and the function of those patterns of discourse in the educational process. Cazden notes that "the three-part sequence of teacher initiation, student response, teacher evaluation (IRE) is the most common pattern of classroom discourse at all grade levels," and that the teacher usually initiates the interaction using question form (29). ... Joseph Lukinsky and Lifsa Schachter address two primary concerns in their article "Questions in Human and Classroom Discourse" about what the IRE-type structure of questioning communicates about the structure of the classroom environment: "First, it establishes a power relationship with the teacher on top. ...
- The IRE structure of discourse sets up an imbalance of power in a number of ways. ...
- A student who can provide an acceptable answer has not necessarily mastered the learning -- he or she has merely mastered the structure (Cazden 64); often, a student has figured out what the teacher wants to hear and repeats it to further the discourse, but has not necessarily internalized the knowledge or connected the "answer" to any larger context of meaning. ...
- This brings us to the problem of reinforcing that every question has a "correct answer" in the context of the classroom discourse. ...
- To begin with, we need to move the focus away from teacher-centered discourse, and provide for a more equitable situation which promotes student initiation and values student knowledge. ...
- classroom discourse normatively proceeds in ways that rule out student questions" (7). ...
- However, what about the way teachers react to their students? Traditional teacher reaction to students participation is evaluative -- positive, negative, or indifferent -- but is that really affording students the respect they deserve? A trend in replacing evaluative comments which judge with responsive comments which respect is necessary to establish more effective patterns of discourse. ... Interestingly enough, this is understood in perpetuating worthwhile social interaction but often forgotten when trying to effect productive classroom discourse. ...
- Participants in classroom discourse are no exception. ... Effective teachers must become aware of the social significance which is built into the construction of communication patterns in order to choose patterns of discourse which are best suited to the needs of the people in their classrooms. ...
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